English Syllabus | Bit Entrance

ARTICLES Definition: Articles are words placed before nouns to indicate whether they are specific or general. Types: Indefinite articles (a, an) and definite article (the) Rules: Use “a” before consonant sounds and “an” before vowel sounds. Use “the” for specific or known nouns. Examples: I saw a cat. She ate an orange. The cat is sleeping.

USE OF TENSES Definition: Tenses show the time and state of an action. Types: Present, Past, Future Forms: Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous Examples: Present: She writes a letter. Past: She wrote a letter. Future: She will write a letter. Continuous: She is writing a letter.

TAG QUESTIONS Definition: Tag questions are short questions added at the end of statements to confirm information. Rule: Positive statement takes negative tag and negative statement takes positive tag. Examples: You are happy, aren’t you He isn’t coming, is he They finished the work, didn’t they

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Definition: Conditional sentences express a condition and its result. Types: Zero, First, Second, Third Examples: Zero: If you heat ice, it melts First: If it rains, I will stay home Second: If I were rich, I would buy a car Third: If I had studied, I would have passed

PREPOSITIONS Definition: Prepositions show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words. Types: Place, Time, Direction Examples: Place: The book is on the table Time: She arrived at noon Direction: He went to school

SOUNDS OF ENGLISH Definition: Sounds are the basic units of pronunciation in English. Types: Vowels and Consonants Examples: Vowels: a, e, i, o, u as in cat, pen, sit Consonants: b, c, d as in bat, cat, dog

STRESS PATTERNS Definition: Stress is the emphasis given to certain syllables or words. Types: Word stress and sentence stress Examples: Word: TAble, beGIN Sentence: I WANT to go

SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT Definition: The verb must agree with the subject in number and person. Rules: Singular subject takes singular verb, plural subject takes plural verb Examples: He plays football They play football Everyone is ready

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE Definition: Voice shows whether the subject performs or receives the action. Types: Active and Passive Examples: Active: She wrote a letter Passive: A letter was written by her

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH Definition: Direct speech gives exact words, indirect speech reports them. Rules: Change in tense, pronouns, and time expressions Examples: Direct: He said, “I am tired” Indirect: He said that he was tired

SENTENCE STRUCTURE Definition: Sentence structure refers to the arrangement of words in a sentence. Types: Simple, Compound, Complex Examples: Simple: She runs Compound: She runs and he walks Complex: She runs because she is late

CAUSATIVE VERBS Definition: Causative verbs show that someone causes another person to do something. Common verbs: Have, Make, Get Examples: I had my hair cut The teacher made him work I got my phone repaired

PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES Definition: Prefixes and suffixes are added to words to change meaning or form. Prefix: Added at the beginning Suffix: Added at the end Examples: Prefix: unhappy, rewrite Suffix: teacher, happiness

PRONOUNS Definition: Pronouns are words used in place of nouns. Types: Personal, Possessive, Reflexive Examples: He is my friend This book is mine She hurt herself

CONNECTIVES OR CONJUNCTIONS Definition: Conjunctions join words, phrases, or clauses. Types: Coordinating, Subordinating Examples: I was tired but I worked I stayed home because it rained

WORD POWER Definition: Word power refers to knowledge of vocabulary. Types: Synonyms, Antonyms, Idioms Examples: Synonym: happy – joyful Antonym: hot – cold Idiom: break the ice

INTONATION Definition: Intonation is the rise and fall of voice in speaking. Types: Rising and Falling Examples: Rising: Are you coming Falling: I am going home

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